24 Hours Hotline: +86 137-3541-1378
Email:[email protected]
24 Hours Hotline: +86 137-3541-1378
Email:[email protected]
Mingxiaoling Mausoleum, Nanjing
Overview
The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the tomb of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty. It lies at the southern foot of Purple Mountain, located east of the historical centre of Nanjing, China. Legend says that in order to prevent robbery of the tomb, 13 identical processions of funeral troops started from 13 city gates to obscure the real burying site.
The construction of the mausoleum began during the Hongwu Emperor's life in 1381 and ended in 1405, during the reign of his son the Yongle Emperor, with a huge expenditure of resources involving 100,000 labourers. The original wall of the mausoleum was more than 22.5 kilometres long. The mausoleum was built under heavy guard of 5,000 troops.
Function & Layout
Great golden gate and Square city
Da Jin Men and Sifangcheng. One enters the site through the monumental Great Golden Gates, and is soon faced by a giant stone tortoise, which resides in the Sifangcheng ("Square city") pavilion. The tortoise supports a splendid carved stone stele, crowned by intertwining hornless dragons. The well-preserved stele is known as the "Shengong Shengde Stele" (?????), i.e., literally, "The Stele of Godly Merit and Saintly Virtue". The inscription of the stele, extolling the merits and virtues of the Hongwu Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang was written by his fourth son, the Yongle Emperor. The tortoise is 5.15 m long, 2.54 m wide and 2.8 m tall,the stele stands 8.78 m tall and is one of the best-known examples of its genre.
It is thought that originally the Yongle Emperor planned to install a much bigger stele here. The work on making it was started in the Yangshan Quarry in 1405, but the unfinished stele was abandoned in the quarry, as it was realized that it would not be possible to move it.
Unlike the similar pavilion at the Thirteen Ming Tombs near Beijing, Nanjing's Sifangcheng does not have its roof anymore, as it was destroyed during the Taiping Rebellion. Recently, Chinese engineers have conducted research in regard to the possibility of restoring the roof.
The Sacred Way
The Sacred Way is an 1800-metre-long road at the Nanjing city Government site. The winding Sacred Way (Shendao) starts near the Sifangcheng pavilion. It includes several sections: the Elephant Road and the Wengzhong Road. The Elephant Road is lined by 12 pairs of 6 kinds of animals (lions, xiezhi, camels, elephants, qilin, and horses), guarding the tomb. Beyond them is a column called huabiao in Chinese. One then continues along the Wengzhong Road. Four pairs of ministers and generals (or warrior guardian figures, wengzhong) of stone have been standing there for centuries to guard the journey to the after life.
Lingxing Gate
The Lingxing Gate, a pailou at the end of the Wengzhong Road was destroyed long ago, but rebuilt in 2006.
The central area
One enters the central area of the mausoleum complex through the Wen Wu Fang Men (The Gate of the Civil and the Military). On an inscribed stone tablet outside of the gate is an official notification of the local government in the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) is ordered to protect the tomb. Inside the gate, there the Tablet Hall (Bei Dian) in which 5 steles stand. The one in the middle, also mounted on a stone tortoise, is inscribed with 4 Chinese characters, "????", which were written by the Qing dynasty's Kangxi Emperor on his third inspection tour of the South in 1699. The text is interpreted as alluding to the greatness of the Ming dynasty founder Zhu Yuanzhang, matching (or surpassing) that of the founders of the Tang and Song Dynasties of old.
Behind the pavilion, there used to be other annexes; however most of them have collapsed into relics from which the original splendor can still be traced. The emperor and his queen were buried in a clay tumulus, 400 metres in diameter, known as the Lone Dragon Hill (Du Long Fu). A stone wall with a terrace on top, known as Ming Lou (Ming Mansion) or the Soul Tower is half-embedded into the front face of the tumulus. On a stone wall surrounding the vault, 7 Chinese characters were inscribed, identifying the mausoleum of Emperor Ming Taizu (respected title of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang).
The mountain to the south of the tomb, known as Meihua Shan ("Plum Flower Mountain"), is the mausoleum of Sun Quan, King of the Kingdom of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period (220-265). The existence of this tomb is the reason why the Sacred Way is not straight.
The mystery of the third tortoise
In 1999, another, unfinished, stone tortoise and an unfinished stele lying on the ground were discovered in a ravine just over 100 m to the southeast from the Sifangcheng Pavilion, and even closer to Madame Chiang Kai-Shek's former villa (known as Meiling Gong). The tortoise, larger than those under the Shengde stele and the Kangxi Emperor's steles, and the matching blank stele were recognized by experts as being products of the early Ming, but the reasons for their manufacture and abandonment became subjects for speculation among historians. A number of possible explanations - from faulty material to the overthrow of the Jianwen Emperor by the Yongle Emperor in 1402 - have been advanced.
In the meantime, the tortoise and the blank stele have been moved to the Red Chamber Culture Park (?????, Honglou Yiwen Yuan), located just east of the Ming Xiaoling complex. The park (which otherwise is a modern Dream-of-the-Red-Chamber-themed landscape and sculpture park) can be visited on the same ticket with the Ming Xiaoling proper.
Travel Guide
Opening Hour: 6:30-18:00
Admission Fee: CNY 70
Recommended Time for Visit: 2-3 hours
How to get to Mingxiaoling Mausoleum
1. Bus Route: Take bus No. 3, 20, 202
2. Metro Route: Take Line 2 and get off Xiamafang Station
Duration：6-8 hours
Attractions(Cities)：Nanjing Massacre Museum, Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Presidential Palace, Confucius Temple
Tour Style：This one-day Nanjing private tour offers a perfect blend of history, culture, and scenic beauty. Your day begins at Sun Yat-Sen’s Mausoleum, nestled against the stunning backdrop of Purple Mountain, where you’ll learn about the legacy of modern China’s founding father. Next, visit the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, the burial site of the first Ming emperor, famous for its grand architecture and tranquil surroundings. In the afternoon, head to the Confucius Temple, a serene cultural site set along the lively Qinhuai River, where you can immerse yourself in both the spiritual significance and local charm of Nanjing’s historic heart. Finally, explore the Nanjing Ming City Wall, a well-preserved fortress offering panoramic views of the city. This thoughtfully crafted itinerary offers a comprehensive look at Nanjing’s iconic landmarks, combining rich history with scenic landscapes for an enriching and memorable experience.
Duration：6-8 hours
Attractions(Cities)：Sun Yet-Sen Mausoleum, Presidential Palace, Lingu Temple, Confucious Temple
Tour Style：Make the most of your time to get a unique travel experience in Nanjing on a full-day Nanjing tour. Served as the capital city of ancient China, Nanjing is endowed with profound history and cultural sites. With your knowledgeable and historical guide, you'll visit the majestic Sun Yat-Sen Mausoleum, marvel at the Presidential Palace, explore the peaceful Lingu Temple, and follow in the paths of emperors on a relaxing Qinhuai River cruise near the Confucius Temple. This tour combines rich history, stunning architecture, and beautiful natural surroundings, offering you an immersive experience of Nanjing's culture and heritage. It is a perfect private-designed tour to lead you through Nanjing's timeless landmarks with comfortable city transfer, ensuring a smooth and unforgettable journey.
Duration：6-8 hours
Attractions(Cities)：Niushoushan
Tour Style：Join us for a Niushou Mountain One Day Tour from Nanjing, where you’ll immerse yourself in the spiritual and cultural heritage of this renowned Buddhist site. This private tour takes you to the stunning Usnisa Palace, home to the sacred Usnisa Relic, and several ancient temples scattered across the mountain. You’ll also have the chance to hike scenic trails that offer panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes, providing a peaceful and reflective experience. Explore the historical significance of Niu Shou Mountain, known for its deep connections to Buddhist culture and history, and enjoy the tranquil atmosphere that has attracted visitors for centuries. Learn about the traditional architecture of the temples and pagodas while discovering the rich cultural background of this sacred place. With a knowledgeable guide and smooth transportation, this stress-free tour allows you to fully appreciate the beauty, significance, and serenity of Niu Shou Mountain in just one day—an ideal experience for those seeking a cultural, spiritual, and scenic journey in a peaceful and awe-inspiring setting.
Duration：2 Days, 1 Nights
Attractions(Cities)：Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum, Linggu Temple, Zijinshan Mountain, Meiling Palace, Presidential Palace, Ming City Wall, Confucius Temple
Tour Style：Embark on the Best Nanjing Tours with our 2-Day Private Nanjing Highlights Tour, an itinerary for travelers seeking an in-depth exploration of one of China’s most historically rich cities. Over two unforgettable days, you'll explore Nanjing’s imperial past, revolutionary legacy, and cultural treasures. Visit the majestic Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum, a symbol of China’s modernization, and experience the serenity of Linggu Temple, one of the oldest Buddhist temples. Hike through Zijinshan Mountain, known for its historical significance and stunning views. Explore the Meiling Palace, once home to Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Mayling, and marvel at the Presidential Palace, a testament to Nanjing’s role in modern Chinese history. Walk along the ancient Ming City Wall, a massive fortress that has witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties, and immerse yourself in the charm of the Confucius Temple. This private tour blends historical landmarks, natural beauty, and cultural insight, perfect for those seeking a deeper connection with Nanjing’s past and present.
Duration：2 Days, 1 Night
Attractions(Cities)：Lingering Garden, Hanshan Temple, Panmen Gate, Pingjiang Road Historic Street, Suzhou No.1 Silk Mill, Dr.Sun Yat-Sen’s Mausoleum, Linggu temple, President Palace, Confucius Temple
Tour Style：Book a two days private Suzhou and Nanjing tours for a personalized journey through the ancient culture and history of these two iconic cities. In Suzhou, you'll explore the UNESCO-listed Lingering Garden, with its masterful combination of architecture and nature, and visit the historical Panmen Gate, offering views of ancient city defenses. Discover the tranquility of Hanshan Temple, made famous by a Tang Dynasty poem, and stroll down Pingjiang Road Historic Street, where you’ll experience traditional Chinese architecture and local snacks. Learn about Suzhou’s silk heritage at the Suzhou No. 1 Silk Mill, where the city’s long-standing silk production legacy is showcased. On the second day, head to Nanjing to visit the grand Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, a tribute to the founding father of modern China, followed by the peaceful Linggu Temple, an ancient Buddhist site surrounded by nature. The tour continues at the Presidential Palace, a key historical landmark in China’s political history, and concludes at the Confucius Temple area, where you’ll explore traditional shops and enjoy local snacks. With your expert guide sharing fascinating insights, this tour offers a deep dive into the history, culture, and charm of Suzhou and Nanjing.
Wechat: Chinaprivatetour
24 Hours Hotline:
+86 137-3541-1378
Certificate of Excellence
2012~2025
Your Way Holiday
(Your Privacy is Protected)
1 to 1 tailor-made service from our professional travel advisors for the most sophisticated
Constantly excellent reviews for attraction, hotel and service Competitive price
Local experts provide quality tours Best selected knowledgeable local guides Authentic local restaurants
7*24 hours available to create you a worry-free tour. No Hidden Fees and absolutely no pressure to buy. Secured
Copyright © 2017 Suzhouprivatetour.com All rights reserved. 浙ICP备18056007号-4
